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花儿街参考 · 出品
作者 | 林默
1
在自家地盘火拼还不够过瘾,中国咖啡终于卷到海外战场了。
作为全球八大咖啡城市之一的新加坡,成为了它们眼里的应许之地。在社交媒体,想必很多人已经不止一次刷到,网友在樟宜机场、乌节路义安城、国浩大厦、滨海城购物中心等繁华商业区,抢购瑞幸咖啡的打卡照。
那空前盛况,在INS、小红书、微博晒出的九宫格里,也只能瞭望一二。还有更准确地描述是,晚上关门前还在排长队、从下单到取货至少半小时……
为了喝上这口中国咖啡,在新加坡的朋友还做出了哪些努力呢?
仅在小红书搜索“新加坡瑞幸”,我们就会看到大量分享购买攻略、领券指南的内容,几屏都刷不完。有人甚至跑到官方账号底下,催促其速速把分店开遍南洋,愿意自备干粮上前线支援。
这多少有些出乎我们的意料。一来,新加坡咖啡文化深厚,本土品牌战斗力不弱,在强敌环伺下,中国咖啡有没有市场简直是未知数。二来,此番下南洋,瑞幸开出的九家门店分布在核心商区,这样布局势必面临相对沉重的压力。
就说最近营业的樟宜机场,作为世界级航空枢纽,其旅客吞吐量常年位居世界前列,接待的多是国际人群。选择在这里开店,无疑是瑞幸出海极为关键的一步,这意味着它将接受国际化市场的考验,从而走向更多外国消费者的心智区间。
瑞幸咖啡大师门店新加坡樟宜机场开业
其实,瑞幸进军新加坡市场的消息传出以后,外界的质疑没怎么断过。从目前的状态来看,中国咖啡这波出海“首秀”,竟然真有几分艳压的姿态。
2
商业世界的残酷性在于,这是一场没有终点的升级打怪。
纵然瑞幸咖啡出海的第一仗打得漂亮,它依旧要面对的残酷现实是,继续跟那些虎视眈眈的竞争对手缠斗下去,直到真正地活下来。
做到这点并不简单。围观过新加坡瑞幸抢购潮后,中国消费者都有一种薅到羊毛的快感。单从价格上看,在国内坚持做平民咖啡的瑞幸,在新加坡的定价直逼星巴克,走起了高端路线。而这,无疑是它抢占海外市场的最显而易见的难点。
更深层的焦虑是,瑞幸还需要解决和回答,海外用户跟奶咖到底是不是真爱?这从根本上决定着它的出海之路能走多远。
瑞幸刚刚火起来的时候,大家给它的定位是星巴克的中国挑战者。后来再看,这两家做的压根不是同一条路上的生意。
星巴克给消费者开辟第三空间,通过出售更高价的咖啡,收取氛围感的“租金”。瑞幸呢,它讲的是实实在在让中国消费者喝咖啡的故事。中国人反正爱喝茶,那就去掉那些为氛围买单的钱,把咖啡价格打下来,配送速度提上去,让大家把咖啡因获取来源从茶叶换成咖啡。
在低价比拼之外,瑞幸还用奶咖的思路,给自己添了另一道生命线。
过去二十多年里,绝大多数中国人喝第一口咖啡时,都是面露难色的。他们对咖啡苦酸接受无能,反而更加青睐加奶、加调味的花式咖啡。于是,在制作中式咖啡这方面,瑞幸成为了卷王之王。
2021年,瑞幸共推出113款新饮品,从花式奶咖到果味清咖,从SOE单一产地咖啡到无咖啡因饮品,研发道路越走越宽,打开了一波又一波的新用户市场。
2022年至今,它再度推出100款新品,平均每周超过两种,远远领先竞品公司。今年瑞幸尝试上线的中国茶咖系列,碧螺春、铁观音、蒸青绿茶等等,主打的就是中国名茶和西式咖啡的结合。
这些核心产品帮助瑞幸留住客流量,还证明了依靠产品力拉新立口碑的可行性。但问题是,中国消费者买单,并不代表新加坡市场、乃至整个海外市场,也愿意买单。
毕竟中国人和外国人的口味大相径庭,中国咖啡和西方咖啡的配方迥然相异。我们见识过,米其林餐厅指南在中国常常出现水土不服,也就有理由担心,让浸淫西方咖啡文化的外国人爱上奶咖,很难。
没想到情况远比外界想象的乐观。瑞幸在国内摸索出来的经验和成果,竟然在出海过程中被不断挪用和贡献。换句话说,瑞幸研发永动机在新加坡也特别好使。
数据显示,生椰拿铁、冰吸生椰拿铁、瑞纳冰杨梅等几款饮品,在新加坡当地也深得年轻群体青眼。从出图密度来看,冰吸生椰拿铁可以说是当之无愧的新晋网红。
西方咖啡故事也好,中国咖啡故事也罢,最基础也最重要的关卡都是产品力之战。这第一步,瑞幸咖啡至少迈得稳当。
3
走出去未必是好公司的标尺,但去国际市场再夺一筹,已经是各路企业和品牌必谈的目标。
实际战况多么激烈呢?我们简单感受下就是,拼多多跨境电商在美起诉shein;Titok海外地上努力努力更努力;阿里再度注资Lazada,曾因爱恨纠葛被“放逐”的蒋凡靠着海外业务重归阿里合伙人之位了……
海外市场宽广,其中东南亚是中国企业拼凑出海版图的重要一块。就说中式新茶饮这块,霸王茶姬、蜜雪冰城已经在新马泰地区打斗好几回合了。据统计,霸王茶姬2021年就已经在海外开了近40家门店。
从这个角度来说,瑞幸咖啡的出发速度似乎慢了点。究其原因,过去几年,瑞幸的重心放在跟过去做切割上,其在公司架构、价值主张、人才培养等方面都有过剧烈调整,从无需扩张转变为以产品力、品牌力、渠道力驱动,一路走过变革重塑的阶段,成为了回归商业本质的新瑞幸。
在消费领域,万店是衡量一个产业是否成熟,有没有发展前景和市场规模的关键。而目前,中国咖啡连锁品牌里,达成万店目标、门店数量最多且在持续高速增长的是瑞幸,也只有瑞幸。
在全球化和市场体系拓展的今天,饮食始终扮演并接地方和全球体系的重要角色。而大多数关乎吃喝的中国品牌,想在海外站稳脚跟的时候,有的借船出海,有的刻意迎合,迷失航向者不在其数。说到底,一家公司如果急急地出牌,想着怎么能调成一手好牌,最可能的后果,是把本该属于自己的牌路也打乱了。
瑞幸的克制委实难能可贵,供应链、数字化、产品研发等基石铺好,有了标准化、品牌化、信息化的发展理念,它在选择去海外攻城略地,显然就是顺势而为的一步棋。
话说回来,瑞幸出海计划落地至今,外界讨论来讨论去的焦点话题,一直都是能不能让海外消费者在尝鲜过后,继续表现出跟中国用户一样的黏性和忠诚度。现在做最终判断为时尚早,但不可否认的是,在征服所有人味蕾这方面,是有一些经典标准的。
比如何为好咖啡豆。2023年,瑞幸正式启动“全球寻豆计划”,签约第五位首席咖啡大师——2022年世界咖啡师大赛冠军安东尼·道格拉斯(Anthony Douglas),跟随其深入全球6大优质咖啡产地,从生豆源头挑选、把控一杯好咖啡。
2022年WBC世界冠军得主——Anthony Douglas
如果说早年的瑞幸,是让咖啡市场从“空间价值”转向“产品价值”,那现在的瑞幸,则是让咖啡市场从“产品价值”升级到“品质体验”。瑞幸既然能给中国消费者定制小黑杯系列,提供更高品质、更多样化、更符合我们口味的咖啡豆,那它也就有能力给海外市场带去相同的体验和惊喜。
中国企业开辟国际化发展的大道,不仅意味着国际市场的开拓,更意味着中国企业与国际世界文化交流。瑞幸出海最大的想象空间不是让消费者点一杯咖啡,而是在全球市场培育中国咖啡更为广阔的市场。
贪财好色的花儿街致力于为大家带来更有价值的阅读。原创转载请注明来源花儿街参考(zaraghost)、作者,侵权必究。